Updated configs for cloud-init

dj423

Had a chance to "refresh" some cloud-init configs for some later distros (Debian 12, Ubuntu 24.04, Rocky Linux 9.3, etc.) so thought I would share some example configs that are used mainly for bootstrapping new VM's and or containers.

This first one is targeted at deb based distros and sets up an Incus container host. Like most configs I use this one is pretty specific pulling key files and configs from an NFS share, rsyslog target, etc., but gives an idea what can be done for detailed provisioning of instances, aside from just slapping your SSH keys on and letting ansible take over. With this I can have a fresh VM provisioned in about 5 minutes.

I always like to run a status check after init:

root@IncusTEST20:~# cloud-init status --long
status: done
boot_status_code: enabled-by-generator
last_update: Sat, 26 Jul 2024 17:29:50 +0000
detail:
DataSourceNoCloud [seed=/dev/xvdc][dsmode=net]

Then we can query the user-data to see how it rendered from the config injected into the nocloud datasource:
root@IncusTEST20:~# cloud-init query userdata

#cloud-config
    hostname: IncusTEST20
    users:
      - name: foo
        groups: sudo
        lock_passwd: false
        passwd: $6$10023$EKz8eWTDXQO3x7.4ff0ZNJLsl9q6RB.l8pZN9nq8BzT42zzOn7O4r./ybHeVa/l0W0/FARK/2Ttg177ywAP0Z1
        ssh_authorized_keys:
          - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEqTfKkUKEGxOi62A9tCWMslqF5i9xm0aMN+ZxWgHuR6 foobar-ed25519-20240725
        shell: /bin/bash
      - name: bar
        groups: sudo
        lock_passwd: false
        passwd: $6$10023$EKz8eWTDXQO3x7.4ff0ZNJLsl9q6RB.l8pZN9nq8BzT42zzOn7O4r./ybHeVa/l0W0/FARK/2Ttg177ywAP0Z1
        ssh_authorized_keys:
          - ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEqTfKkUKEGxOi62A9tCWMslqF5i9xm0aMN+ZxWgHuR6 foobar-ed25519-20240725
        shell: /bin/bash
    locale: en_US.UTF-8
    timezone: America/New_York
    resize_rootfs: true
    mounts:
      - ["192.168.99.2:/mnt/Vault/lxd", "/mnt/lxd", "nfs", "auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800,user,suid", "0", "0"]
      - ["192.168.0.54:/mnt/raid/backup", "/mnt/nas", "nfs", "auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800,user,suid", "0", "0"]
    rsyslog:
      remotes:
        log_serv: "192.168.50.35:5140"
    write_files:
      - path: /etc/init.d/incus.sh
        owner: root:root
        permissions: 0o755
        defer: true
        content: |
          #!/bin/bash
          curl -fsSL https://pkgs.zabbly.com/key.asc -o /etc/apt/keyrings/zabbly.asc
          sh -c 'cat <<EOF > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/zabbly-incus-lts-6.0.sources
          Enabled: yes
          Types: deb
          URIs: https://pkgs.zabbly.com/incus/lts-6.0
          Suites: $(. /etc/os-release && echo ${VERSION_CODENAME})
          Components: main
          Architectures: $(dpkg --print-architecture)
          Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/zabbly.asc
          EOF'
          apt update -y
          dpkg --configure -a
          apt install incus incus-ui-canonical -y
          mkdir -p /root/.config
          mkdir -p /root/.config/rclone
          mount -a
          cp /mnt/lxd/.config/.encode /root/.encode
          cp /mnt/lxd/.config/rclone.conf /root/.config/rclone/rclone.conf
          chmod 600 /root/.config/rclone/rclone.conf
          # Delete self
          rm "${0}"
    runcmd:
      - mkdir /mnt/lxd
      - mkdir /mnt/nas
      - date > /etc/birth_certificate
      - [ mount /dev/cdrom /mnt ]
      - [ bash /mnt/Linux/install.sh ]
      - [ umount /dev/cdrom ]
      - [ sh, /etc/init.d/incus.sh ]
    package_update: true
    package_upgrade: true
    packages:
      - htop
      - nano
      - curl
      - wget
      - nfs-common
      - btrfs-progs
      - bridge-utils
      - build-essential
      - rclone

Here is a more universal config with jinja templating syntax that can be targeted at many distros and using an 'if distro' will configure the instance based on the distro value in metadata:

This one targets debian, ubuntu, centos, redhat and rocky linux 8 and up - notice the ##template: jinja at the top, this allows jinja to render and process:

## template: jinja
#cloud-config
{% set u1 = 'foobar' %}
{% set u1pass = '$6$10023$EKz8eWTDXQO3x7.4ff0ZNJLsl9q6RB.l8pZN9nq8BzT42zzOn7O4r./ybHeVa/l0W0/FARK/2Ttg177ywAP0Z1' %}
{% set u1key = 'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEqTfKkUKEGxOi62A9tCWMslqF5i9xm0aMN+ZxWgHuR6 foobar-ed25519-20240725' %}
{% set u2 = 'ansible' %}
{% set u2pass = '$6$10023$EKz8eWTDXQO3x7.4ff0ZNJLsl9q6RB.l8pZN9nq8BzT42zzOn7O4r./ybHeVa/l0W0/FARK/2Ttg177ywAP0Z1' %}
{% set u2key = 'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEqTfKkUKEGxOi62A9tCWMslqF5i9xm0aMN+ZxWgHuR6 foobar-ed25519-20240725' %}
locale: en_US.UTF-8
timezone: America/New_York
runcmd:
  - mkdir /mnt/v-nas
  - mkdir /mnt/home
  - date > /etc/birth_certificate
rsyslog:
  remotes:
    log_serv: "192.168.50.35:5140"
{% if distro == 'rocky' or distro == 'centos' or distro == 'redhat' %}
{% set group = 'wheel' %}
repo_update: true
repo_upgrade: all
yum_repos:
  epel-release:
    name: Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Release
    baseurl: http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/9/Everything/$basearch
    enabled: true
    failovermethod: priority
    gpgcheck: true
    gpgkey: http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-9
package_upgrade: true
packages:
  - htop
  - nano
{% elif distro == 'ubuntu' or distro == 'debian' %}
{% set group = 'sudo' %}
package_update: true
package_upgrade: true
packages:
  - htop
  - nano
  - build-essential
users:
  - name: {{ u1 }}
    groups: {{ group }}
    lock_passwd: false
    passwd: {{ u1pass }}
    ssh_authorized_keys:
      - {{ u1key }}
    shell: /bin/bash
  - name: {{ u2 }}
    groups: {{ group }}
    lock_passwd: false
    passwd: {{ u2pass }}
    ssh_authorized_keys:
      - {{ u2key }}
    shell: /bin/bash
{%- endif %}

Just a note, to consume jinja templating, you need cloud-init 22.x or higher, with the jinja package installed in your template/image.

For anyone wanting to tinker with these, (these are not my keys or password hashes, these I just threw in for demonstration purposes and for the wiki page). The password for the accounts is "foobar" and the matching private key is:

Enjoy!