Sorry for grave digging, but I found this thread quite on top while googling for the issue, so I thought it might help others stranding here.
Found a solution on https://forums.lawrencesystems.com/t/xcp-ng-vms-display-resolution-locked/10988/14 - albeit it refers to Windows guests, I'm pretty positive that it should work for any guest with UEFI boot configured:
- At VM start (tiano bios logo) press esc.
- Go to device manager menu
- Go to OVMF Platform configuration
- Change Preferred
- Select the resolution you want
- F10 to save
- restart the VM
- At reboot you should be fine.