So just to give a quick update on how this went:
Since pfSense 24.03 is based on FreeBSD 15 I proceeded with a FreeBSD 15 installation on XCP-ng to see if the issue stemmed from there. FreeBSD15 installed and booted correctly.
From there I ended up testing the development snapshot 24.08.
Also installed correctly and booted.
So whatever issue was there between pfSense 24.03 and XCP-ng that was preventing it from booting, was only present on version 24.03.